Surge meaning : A sudden transient rush, flood or increase. The maximum amplitude of a vehicle's forward/backward oscillation A sudden electrical spike or increase of voltage and current. The swell or heave of the sea. (FM 55-501). A spring; a fountain. The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips. To rush, flood, or increase suddenly. To accelerate forwards, particularly suddenly. To slack off a line.